Sesame has now joined eight other foods considered as major food allergens by federal law. The following list includes the nine major food allergens:
milk
eggs
fish, such as bass, flounder, cod
Crustacean shellfish, such as crab, lobster, shrimp
tree nuts, such as almonds, walnuts, pecans
peanuts
wheat
soybeans
Sesame became the ninth major food allergen through the Food Allergy Safety, Treatment, Education, and Research (FASTER) Act, a federal law passed in 2021. The other eight major food allergens were defined through a federal law passed in 2004.
While many kinds of foods can cause allergies, the federal laws focus on the most common ones and require that food labels identify the food source of a major food allergen using its common or usual name on the label. The nine major food allergens cause most serious food allergic reactions in the U.S.
Sesame allergen labeling on food packages has been required since January 1, 2023, however the law establishing this sesame labeling does not require food products that were already on their way to the store (or in stock) prior to 2023 to list sesame as an allergen on the label.
This may be a problem for those with an allergy to sesame since some packaged foods have a long shelf life and thus may not yet have the appropriate warning on the label. In addition, a food product’s ingredients can be changed at any time, so the FDA recommends that consumers check the label every time you buy a product – even if you have eaten it before on a regular basis and did not have an allergic reaction.
“If you want to know more about the use of sesame in a food product, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration, which is responsible for enforcing the labeling requirements, recommends you contact the manufacturer or distributor identified on the food product label.
Sesame has always been required to be listed in the ingredient statement if it was an added ingredient, with a few exceptions. That’s true for any added ingredient. Now that sesame is a major food allergen, the FDA expects that it be specifically listed as sesame on the label if it’s part of another ingredient, like “natural flavor,” or “spice mix.”
Additionally, if a food package has a “Contains” statement and has sesame as an ingredient, sesame will now have to be included in that “Contains” statement. As a result, consumers will have more information about which products contain sesame as an ingredient.”
Note that the sesame labeling requirements apply to packaged foods but may not apply for foods that are not packaged like bagels in a grocery store. FDA recommends asking store personnel for more information about the product in question before buying.